HEADER    RNA                                     21-NOV-02   1N8X              
TITLE     SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF HIV-1 STEM LOOP SL1                             
COMPND    MOL_ID: 1;                                                            
COMPND   2 MOLECULE: HIV-1 STEM LOOP SL1 MONOMERIC RNA;                         
COMPND   3 CHAIN: A;                                                            
COMPND   4 FRAGMENT: HIV-1 STEM LOOP SL1;                                       
COMPND   5 ENGINEERED: YES                                                      
SOURCE    MOL_ID: 1;                                                            
SOURCE   2 SYNTHETIC: YES;                                                      
SOURCE   3 OTHER_DETAILS: THIS SEQUENCE WAS SYNTHESIZED BY IN VITRO             
SOURCE   4 TRANSCRIPTION USING A SINGLE STRANDED DNA TEMPLATE AND T7 RNA        
SOURCE   5 POLYMERASE.                                                          
KEYWDS    HIV, SL1, RNA STEM LOOP, BULGE, G-A MISMATCH, RNA                     
EXPDTA    SOLUTION NMR                                                          
NUMMDL    20                                                                    
AUTHOR    D.C.LAWRENCE,C.C.STOVER,J.NOZNITSKY,Z.WU,M.F.SUMMERS                  
REVDAT   5   22-MAY-24 1N8X    1       REMARK                                   
REVDAT   4   23-FEB-22 1N8X    1       REMARK                                   
REVDAT   3   24-FEB-09 1N8X    1       VERSN                                    
REVDAT   2   15-APR-03 1N8X    1       JRNL                                     
REVDAT   1   08-APR-03 1N8X    0                                                
JRNL        AUTH   D.C.LAWRENCE,C.C.STOVER,J.NOZNITSKY,Z.WU,M.F.SUMMERS         
JRNL        TITL   STRUCTURE OF THE INTACT STEM AND BULGE OF HIV-1 PSI-RNA      
JRNL        TITL 2 STEM-LOOP SL1                                                
JRNL        REF    J.MOL.BIOL.                   V. 326   529 2003              
JRNL        REFN                   ISSN 0022-2836                               
JRNL        PMID   12559920                                                     
JRNL        DOI    10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01305-0                                
REMARK   2                                                                      
REMARK   2 RESOLUTION. NOT APPLICABLE.                                          
REMARK   3                                                                      
REMARK   3 REFINEMENT.                                                          
REMARK   3   PROGRAM     : XWINNMR 2.6, DYANA 1.5                               
REMARK   3   AUTHORS     : BRUKER (XWINNMR), GUNTERT, MUMENTHALER, WUTHRICH     
REMARK   3                 (DYANA)                                              
REMARK   3                                                                      
REMARK   3  OTHER REFINEMENT REMARKS:                                           
REMARK   3  THE STRUCTURES ARE BASED ON A TOTAL OF 408 EXPERIMENTAL RESTRAINTS, 
REMARK   3  INCLUDING 298 NOE-DERIVED DISTANCE RESTRAINTS, 84 HYDROGEN BOND     
REMARK   3  RESTRAINTS,                                                         
REMARK   3  AND 26 DIPOLAR COUPLING RESTRAINTS.                                 
REMARK   4                                                                      
REMARK   4 1N8X COMPLIES WITH FORMAT V. 3.15, 01-DEC-08                         
REMARK 100                                                                      
REMARK 100 THIS ENTRY HAS BEEN PROCESSED BY RCSB ON 03-JAN-03.                  
REMARK 100 THE DEPOSITION ID IS D_1000017666.                                   
REMARK 210                                                                      
REMARK 210 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS                                                 
REMARK 210  EXPERIMENT TYPE                : NMR                                
REMARK 210  TEMPERATURE           (KELVIN) : 308; 308                           
REMARK 210  PH                             : 7.0; 8.0                           
REMARK 210  IONIC STRENGTH                 : NULL; 10 MM TRIS-CL, 0.1 MM NA     
REMARK 210                                   -EDTA                              
REMARK 210  PRESSURE                       : AMBIENT; AMBIENT                   
REMARK 210  SAMPLE CONTENTS                : 1 MM SL1 MONOMERIC RNA, U          
REMARK 210                                   -15N,13C; 100% D2O; 1 MM SL1       
REMARK 210                                   MONOMERIC RNA, CYT-15N,13C; 100%   
REMARK 210                                   D2O; 1 MM SL1 MONOMERIC RNA, GUA-  
REMARK 210                                   15N,13C; 100% D2O; 1 MM SL1        
REMARK 210                                   MONOMERIC RNA, GUA-15N,13C; 10     
REMARK 210                                   MM TRIS-D11, PH 8.0, 0.1 MM EDTA;  
REMARK 210                                   18 MG/ML PF1 BACTERIOPHAGE         
REMARK 210                                   (ASLA); 100% D2O; 1 MM SL1         
REMARK 210                                   MONOMERIC RNA, UNLABELED; 100%     
REMARK 210                                   D2O; 1 MM SL1 MONOMERIC RNA, GUA-  
REMARK 210                                   15N,13C; 10 MM TRIS-D11, PH 8.0,   
REMARK 210                                   0.1 MM EDTA; 100% D2O              
REMARK 210                                                                      
REMARK 210  NMR EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED      : 3D_13C-SEPARATED_NOESY; 4D_13C     
REMARK 210                                   -SEPARATED_NOESY; 3D_13C-          
REMARK 210                                   SEPARATED_ROESY; IPAP H-COUPLED    
REMARK 210                                   CT-HSQC; 2D NOESY; 2D ROESY        
REMARK 210  SPECTROMETER FIELD STRENGTH    : 800 MHZ; 600 MHZ                   
REMARK 210  SPECTROMETER MODEL             : DRX; DMX                           
REMARK 210  SPECTROMETER MANUFACTURER      : BRUKER                             
REMARK 210                                                                      
REMARK 210  STRUCTURE DETERMINATION.                                            
REMARK 210   SOFTWARE USED                 : NMRPIPE 2.1, NMRVIEW 5.0.3         
REMARK 210   METHOD USED                   : TORSION ANGLE DYNAMICS,            
REMARK 210                                   SIMULATED ANNEALING                
REMARK 210                                                                      
REMARK 210 CONFORMERS, NUMBER CALCULATED   : 600                                
REMARK 210 CONFORMERS, NUMBER SUBMITTED    : 20                                 
REMARK 210 CONFORMERS, SELECTION CRITERIA  : TARGET FUNCTION                    
REMARK 210                                                                      
REMARK 210 BEST REPRESENTATIVE CONFORMER IN THIS ENSEMBLE : 1                   
REMARK 210                                                                      
REMARK 210 REMARK:                                                              
REMARK 210  EXPERIMENT 8 (IPAP H-COUPLED CT-HSQC) WAS PERFORMED ON SAMPLE 4     
REMARK 210  AND SAMPLE 6 (GUA-15N,13C-LABELED SL1 WITH AND WITHOUT PF1 PHAGE).  
REMARK 210  THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE J-COUPLING VALUES = DIPOLAR COUPLING     
REMARK 210  VALUE FOR A GIVEN C-H BOND.                                         
REMARK 215                                                                      
REMARK 215 NMR STUDY                                                            
REMARK 215 THE COORDINATES IN THIS ENTRY WERE GENERATED FROM SOLUTION           
REMARK 215 NMR DATA.  PROTEIN DATA BANK CONVENTIONS REQUIRE THAT                
REMARK 215 CRYST1 AND SCALE RECORDS BE INCLUDED, BUT THE VALUES ON              
REMARK 215 THESE RECORDS ARE MEANINGLESS.                                       
REMARK 300                                                                      
REMARK 300 BIOMOLECULE: 1                                                       
REMARK 300 SEE REMARK 350 FOR THE AUTHOR PROVIDED AND/OR PROGRAM                
REMARK 300 GENERATED ASSEMBLY INFORMATION FOR THE STRUCTURE IN                  
REMARK 300 THIS ENTRY. THE REMARK MAY ALSO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON               
REMARK 300 BURIED SURFACE AREA.                                                 
REMARK 350                                                                      
REMARK 350 COORDINATES FOR A COMPLETE MULTIMER REPRESENTING THE KNOWN           
REMARK 350 BIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT OLIGOMERIZATION STATE OF THE                
REMARK 350 MOLECULE CAN BE GENERATED BY APPLYING BIOMT TRANSFORMATIONS          
REMARK 350 GIVEN BELOW.  BOTH NON-CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC AND                          
REMARK 350 CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS ARE GIVEN.                               
REMARK 350                                                                      
REMARK 350 BIOMOLECULE: 1                                                       
REMARK 350 AUTHOR DETERMINED BIOLOGICAL UNIT: MONOMERIC                         
REMARK 350 APPLY THE FOLLOWING TO CHAINS: A                                     
REMARK 350   BIOMT1   1  1.000000  0.000000  0.000000        0.00000            
REMARK 350   BIOMT2   1  0.000000  1.000000  0.000000        0.00000            
REMARK 350   BIOMT3   1  0.000000  0.000000  1.000000        0.00000            
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 GEOMETRY AND STEREOCHEMISTRY                                         
REMARK 500 SUBTOPIC: CLOSE CONTACTS                                             
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 THE FOLLOWING ATOMS ARE IN CLOSE CONTACT.                            
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500  ATM1  RES C  SSEQI   ATM2  RES C  SSEQI           DISTANCE          
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 REMARK: NULL                                                         
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 GEOMETRY AND STEREOCHEMISTRY                                         
REMARK 500 SUBTOPIC: COVALENT BOND LENGTHS                                      
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 THE STEREOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE FOLLOWING RESIDUES              
REMARK 500 HAVE VALUES WHICH DEVIATE FROM EXPECTED VALUES BY MORE               
REMARK 500 THAN 6*RMSD (M=MODEL NUMBER; RES=RESIDUE NAME; C=CHAIN               
REMARK 500 IDENTIFIER; SSEQ=SEQUENCE NUMBER; I=INSERTION CODE).                 
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 STANDARD TABLE:                                                      
REMARK 500 FORMAT: (10X,I3,1X,2(A3,1X,A1,I4,A1,1X,A4,3X),1X,F6.3)               
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 EXPECTED VALUES PROTEIN: ENGH AND HUBER, 1999                        
REMARK 500 EXPECTED VALUES NUCLEIC ACID: CLOWNEY ET AL 1996                     
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500  M RES CSSEQI ATM1   RES CSSEQI ATM2   DEVIATION                     
REMARK 500  1   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.175                       
REMARK 500  1   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.125                       
REMARK 500  1   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.090                       
REMARK 500  2   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.179                       
REMARK 500  2   G A   2   O4'     G A   2   C4'    -0.079                       
REMARK 500  2   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.123                       
REMARK 500  2   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.089                       
REMARK 500  3   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.179                       
REMARK 500  3   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.095                       
REMARK 500  3   G A  18   O4'     G A  18   C4'    -0.213                       
REMARK 500  3   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.091                       
REMARK 500  4   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.185                       
REMARK 500  4   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.084                       
REMARK 500  4   G A  18   O4'     G A  18   C4'    -0.315                       
REMARK 500  4   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.137                       
REMARK 500  5   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.175                       
REMARK 500  5   G A   2   O4'     G A   2   C4'    -0.130                       
REMARK 500  5   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.113                       
REMARK 500  5   G A  18   O4'     G A  18   C4'    -0.084                       
REMARK 500  5   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.097                       
REMARK 500  6   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.205                       
REMARK 500  6   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.102                       
REMARK 500  6   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.091                       
REMARK 500  6   G A  29   O4'     G A  29   C4'    -0.087                       
REMARK 500  7   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.149                       
REMARK 500  7   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.107                       
REMARK 500  7   G A  29   O4'     G A  29   C4'    -0.079                       
REMARK 500  8   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.186                       
REMARK 500  8   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.120                       
REMARK 500  8   C A  36   O4'     C A  36   C4'    -0.191                       
REMARK 500  9   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.172                       
REMARK 500  9   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.119                       
REMARK 500  9   G A  18   O4'     G A  18   C4'    -0.272                       
REMARK 500  9   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.093                       
REMARK 500 10   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.139                       
REMARK 500 10   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.164                       
REMARK 500 10   G A  18   O4'     G A  18   C4'    -0.269                       
REMARK 500 11   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.160                       
REMARK 500 11   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.098                       
REMARK 500 11   G A  18   O4'     G A  18   C4'    -0.259                       
REMARK 500 11   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.132                       
REMARK 500 12   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.117                       
REMARK 500 12   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.128                       
REMARK 500 12   G A  26   O4'     G A  26   C4'    -0.084                       
REMARK 500 13   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.168                       
REMARK 500 13   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.093                       
REMARK 500 13   G A  29   O4'     G A  29   C4'    -0.097                       
REMARK 500 14   G A   1   O4'     G A   1   C4'    -0.125                       
REMARK 500 14   G A  12   O4'     G A  12   C4'    -0.112                       
REMARK 500 14   A A  27   O4'     A A  27   C4'    -0.088                       
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 THIS ENTRY HAS      74 BOND DEVIATIONS.                              
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 REMARK: NULL                                                         
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 GEOMETRY AND STEREOCHEMISTRY                                         
REMARK 500 SUBTOPIC: COVALENT BOND ANGLES                                       
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 THE STEREOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE FOLLOWING RESIDUES              
REMARK 500 HAVE VALUES WHICH DEVIATE FROM EXPECTED VALUES BY MORE               
REMARK 500 THAN 6*RMSD (M=MODEL NUMBER; RES=RESIDUE NAME; C=CHAIN               
REMARK 500 IDENTIFIER; SSEQ=SEQUENCE NUMBER; I=INSERTION CODE).                 
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 STANDARD TABLE:                                                      
REMARK 500 FORMAT: (10X,I3,1X,A3,1X,A1,I4,A1,3(1X,A4,2X),12X,F5.1)              
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 EXPECTED VALUES PROTEIN: ENGH AND HUBER, 1999                        
REMARK 500 EXPECTED VALUES NUCLEIC ACID: CLOWNEY ET AL 1996                     
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500  M RES CSSEQI ATM1   ATM2   ATM3                                     
REMARK 500  1   G A   1   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =   9.8 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   1   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =  10.1 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   1   C6  -  N1  -  C2  ANGL. DEV. =  -6.6 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   1   N1  -  C2  -  N3  ANGL. DEV. =   5.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   1   C5  -  C6  -  N1  ANGL. DEV. =   5.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   2   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   2   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.8 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   2   C6  -  N1  -  C2  ANGL. DEV. =  -6.6 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   2   N1  -  C2  -  N3  ANGL. DEV. =   5.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   2   C5  -  C6  -  N1  ANGL. DEV. =   5.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   A A   3   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   A A   3   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.7 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   A A   3   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   4   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   4   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A   5   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -6.7 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A   5   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   6   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.5 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   6   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   7   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -8.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   7   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.5 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   7   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.8 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   7   C6  -  N1  -  C2  ANGL. DEV. =  -6.6 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   7   N1  -  C2  -  N3  ANGL. DEV. =   5.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   7   C5  -  C6  -  N1  ANGL. DEV. =   5.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   8   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -6.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   8   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   8   C6  -  N1  -  C2  ANGL. DEV. =  -6.6 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   8   N1  -  C2  -  N3  ANGL. DEV. =   5.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A   8   C5  -  C6  -  N1  ANGL. DEV. =   5.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   9   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   9   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =  15.7 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A   9   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  10   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -6.8 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  10   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  11   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -6.8 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  11   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  12   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =  22.1 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  12   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.5 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  12   C6  -  N1  -  C2  ANGL. DEV. =  -6.6 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  12   N1  -  C2  -  N3  ANGL. DEV. =   5.2 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  12   C5  -  C6  -  N1  ANGL. DEV. =   5.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A  13   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -6.8 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A  13   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =   6.7 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   C A  13   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  14   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  14   C5' -  C4' -  O4' ANGL. DEV. =   9.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   U A  14   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   7.9 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  15   O4' -  C4' -  C3' ANGL. DEV. =  -7.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500  1   G A  15   C1' -  O4' -  C4' ANGL. DEV. =   8.0 DEGREES          
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 THIS ENTRY HAS    2478 ANGLE DEVIATIONS.                             
REMARK 500                                                                      
REMARK 500 REMARK: NULL                                                         
REMARK 999                                                                      
REMARK 999 SEQUENCE AUTHOR STATES THERE ARE THREE ADDITIONAL BASES ON THE 5'    
REMARK 999 AND 3' ENDS, WHICH FORM WC BASE PAIRS: 5'-GGA ... UCC-3' DIS         
REMARK 999 LOOP (AAGCGCGCA) REPLACED WITH GAGA TETRALOOP' MONOMERIC RNA         
REMARK 999 ENGINEERED BY REPLACING THE TERMINAL LOOP WITH A GAGA TETRALOOP.     
REMARK 999 LOWER STEM HAS AN ADDITIONAL THREE BASE PAIRS: 5'GGA...UCC3'.        
REMARK 999 RESIDUES ARE NUMBERED 1 THROUGH 36 IN COORDINATE FILE ALTHOUGH       
REMARK 999 THEY ARE NUMBERED DIFFERENTLY IN ARTICLE. INTERNAL BULGED LOOP       
REMARK 999 COMPOSED OF G5 (5' STRAND), A24, G25, AND G26 (3' STRAND) IS         
REMARK 999 STRUCTURED WITH A G5-A24 MISMATCH AND G25, G26 STACKING UNDER        
REMARK 999 A24.                                                                 
DBREF  1N8X A    1    36  PDB    1N8X     1N8X             1     36             
SEQRES   1 A   36    G   G   A   C   U   C   G   G   C   U   U   G   C          
SEQRES   2 A   36    U   G   G   A   G   A   C   G   G   C   A   A   G          
SEQRES   3 A   36    A   G   G   C   G   A   G   U   C   C                      
CRYST1    1.000    1.000    1.000  90.00  90.00  90.00 P 1           1          
ORIGX1      1.000000  0.000000  0.000000        0.00000                         
ORIGX2      0.000000  1.000000  0.000000        0.00000                         
ORIGX3      0.000000  0.000000  1.000000        0.00000                         
SCALE1      1.000000  0.000000  0.000000        0.00000                         
SCALE2      0.000000  1.000000  0.000000        0.00000                         
SCALE3      0.000000  0.000000  1.000000        0.00000                         
MODEL        1